It is a bit more complicated.
We do sometimes punish pilots criminaly. For example one easy way to go to prison is trying to fly a plane under the influence of alcohol. (Here is an example [1])
We do not punish criminaly pilots for other kind of mistakes. For example you are unlikely to go to prison if you miscalculate the required fuel for a flight.
I don’t know the details about the nurse. Was it more like the first or more like the second?
1: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-39485928.amp