one of the larger shareholders is a Saudi Prince who for sure has his stake for reasons other than shareholder value.

I would guess yes based on Matt Levine's series "Everything is Securities Fraud" (https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2019-06-26/everyt...)

if Musk can convince enough shareholders to call a vote they can vote on it directly. so usually the problem is trying to find the shareholders (or their proxies) and convincing them. (for example if half of twitter is owned by passive index funds it might be hard to persuade them to do anything)