A well-written cover letter can help, but a form letter, copy/paste, or other low-effort letter won't help, and the latter is what I've gotten for the most part.
I've found the part about the cover letter to ring true. I just got hired after 13 months of interview processes for different positions. The cover letter seemed to have no bearing on whether or not I got hired. In fact, the less effort I put into the cover letter the better I did in the interview process. For the job I got, I literally wrote a casual "Hey, I really want to work for you" paragraph on indeed.
Yes, names, addresses, and education are proxies for race, gender, age, etc., too, but those also carry information that is necessary to evaluate an applicant.
I would think photos, being unnecessary as part of the CV, are more problematic.
It was a fairly attractive woman, either quality being rare for our org. But its even more rare to have a photo on your resume.
But the article is right - it hurt them. It made her look like she didn’t have confidence in her engineering skills - and that she was trying to cash in on being a minority. What other reason could there be? (legitimate question)
It’s hard then to imagine who a picture helps. Someone that confirms stereotypes? Why would you even need a photo then.
p.s. Afterwards I emailed the recruiter to say they should remove photos, put some placeholder.
I never tried to write a resume. I had a main part of the CV that I tried to keep to 3 pages. I also had a secondary part that collected presentations and publications and the like. This grew over the years and I think it stabilized at 7 or more pages but the time I stopped updating it. But then, I never applied for a non scientific programming position as they saw PhD as a big negative.