The security failure rate here cannot drop below the weakest link in the chain. In other words in your example A -> B -> C is no different than just B.
The likelihood of failure of independent systems in a series is defined as 1 - product(1 - p(failure of one component)) [1]. It only degraded to the probability of one of the links if the systems are correlated which they’re not here.
I don’t think regular failure analysis applies here (more components = more failure) because the security failure rate gets better with more components and worst case is that of your weakest link. In the traditional failure analysis you’re arguing for, the best case is the failure of the weakest component and it gets worse from there.
[1] https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/failure-pro...