Your point is clearer to me now. No, you can't literally recover money simply because you have a photograph of it. There is a recovery path for damaged and destroyed money, highly dependent on the serial number (which is why 50% of the note is typically requested)
Here's the Australian rules after a significant bushfire. Partial re-imbursement for up to 80% loss of the face of the note.
https://au.sports.yahoo.com/bushfires-burnt-your-cash-heres-...
The point I was trying to make is that the actual value of the exchange is not only visible, its entirely visible. The specific value can be proved. If this was analogous in real world currency, Claim for loss would be possible.