Lack of adequate control structures, or for that matter, programming language support, is almost never the reason why code has inadequate error handling. The main reason is that developers often leave error handling as an afterthought because it distracts them from thinking about the main flow, and it's hard to program when you are constantly distracted. That's why you have overbroad exception handling and the consequent improper handling. The problem is with the brain, not with the programming language.

It sounds like you're referring to exceptions. While I would take exceptions over the stringly-typed nightmare that is Go errors, you should know that there are far better error handling schemes out there.