Types can be checked with mypy: http://www.mypy-lang.org/
For Django, there are these two typing packages:
- https://pypi.org/project/django-stubs
- https://pypi.org/project/django-types
I can't vouch for them, but it looks like they're being actively developed.
I like the idea of full-stack JavaScript (or TypeScript), but last time I tried to use Node for a back end, I couldn't find anything that compared to libraries/frameworks like Django, Rails, SQLAlchemy, etc.