Search Massive MIMO, Beamforming ( Which isn't really new ), Small Cells, NR.
That is about it really. You can ignore mmWave which is pure hype. Most of the other enhancements are on the carrier / operation side and not consumer.
You can also ignore all the 5G Self Driving Vehicle crap.
I live in a dense suburb of a large city and 5G coverage seems not that great. I'm not sure why self-driving requires or gains much benefit from 5g anyway, but I wouldn't want to rely on it. You can certainly do car-to-car communication & coordination without it, and you wouldn't want a minor network outage turning the system into chaos.
Because certain vendor from certain country have a huge patent portfolio on Autonomous vehicle (AV) and wanted it to rely on 5G so that everything is centralised and could easily be controlled in the name of traffic shaping (cough). And somehow (cough) EU was brought into the whole thing until a Saint appeared, after being banished to hell he finally came back and convinced enough people AV with 5G would need to total state surveillance. I think, if I remember correctly EU finally abandoned that idea. But as with everything it may come back someday. ( Hope not )
