I’m pretty sure Option + Clicking on a dock icon will minimize it.
If you are confused with how the keyboard shortcuts work, here’s a quick guide.
The command key is the main operator for system wide shortcuts and major application shortcuts.
Command + shift is for secondary app shortcuts
Command + option is for rarely used app shortcuts
Option is for hidden options in applications and across the system. Try opening the application menu in the top bar and holding down option to see how many new shortcuts are available up there. Try option clicking or dragging things in the system to see how they react.
The control key is never used in applications and is rarely used in the system. It’s main function is in terminal applications.
Hope this helped!