OpenSCAD is based on constructive geometry, which means the compute complexity scales up mainly along the complexity of the CSG tree which can get very big, but the number of triangles is quite low and independent of the resolution. This is not rasterized but the operation on CSG trees partition the space and the number of regions to consider may grow very quickly and this algorithm is very prone to numerical instabilities, like z-fighting between regions.

ImplicitCAD on the other hand is based on signed distance fields rendered with an pruned octtree marching cube. The algorithm is simpler and more stable numerically. The internal representation is of perfect resolution, but to get a triangulated output you need a number of triangles which grows proportionally to the surface of your object expressed in precision required units. But if you skip this triangulation process, using a custom slicer to generate the toolpaths or a ray tracing renderer to visualize it, you can have perfect resolution for very cheap.

The alternative is BRep, but this is a surface representation which don't bring the same topological guarantees, (like non-self intersection).