Please don’t conflate “the causal chain I have mentally-modelled to be responsible for my lived experience” with “my lived experience.” I don’t doubt that you saw what you saw; but that doesn’t mean that you’re suddenly uniquely qualified to judge what particular interaction of hardware and software features could have led to you seeing what you saw.
> But if the voltage is not being supplied correctly I would consider that “Battery Health”.
“Battery health” as a feature — i.e. the thing Apple implemented as a response after being sued about not having exposed it to users — only tracks what voltage the battery is putting out, compared to what voltage it would be expected to put out given its lifetime number of discharge cycles and current charge. Which is all the previous, hidden algorithm for “battery health” was basing its decisions on, and so is all that got exposed for manual control.
(As it happens, it’s exactly the same algorithm that leads to a macOS laptop saying “Battery Needs Servicing.”)
This algorithm is meant to detect one thing: whether your battery is like a leaky gas tank, where the amount of voltage * amperage you get out, is less than the amount you put in. Unlike other battery problems that are down to faults in the battery, this problem is an inevitable (100% eventual failure-rate) problem for old, used batteries to suffer, so it’s important to remediate and impractical to offer free replacements for. It’s literally just “wear and tear”, like, say, tyres going bald.
If a battery issue is something that only happens when the CPU boosts i.e. if it’s flaky in a “sometimes perfect, but situationally does the wrong thing” way — then that’s not regular wear-and-tear, but is instead an actual fault in the battery.
The battery health tracking algorithm has no way of knowing† if your battery is faulty. If it could, it would probably say “this battery is broken, please contact Apple for a free replacement.” Because a faulty battery, of exactly the type you described, is a warrantee-covered problem.
† Really, no software can know/predict how a given power source will cope with increased load. This is why we don’t have OS logic in desktop PCs that can convert “a PSU too weak to power your CPU + GPU together at maximum load” into “so they down lock” rather than “your computer spontaneously powers off.”