Consumer NAS boxes like the ones from Synology or QNAP have "we update your box at our whim" cloud software running on them and are effectively subject to the same risks, even if you try to turn off all of the cloud options. I probably wouldn't include a NAS on this list unless you built it yourself.
It looks like you've updated your comment to clarify Linux laptop's encrypted hard drive, and I agree with your line of thinking. Modern Windows and Mac OS are effectively cloud operating systems where more or less anything can be pushed at you at any time.