This is where I’m really annoyed by vendors pricing models. An example would be cpu/core based licensing meaning that you need to lump systems on the same vm, even if architecturally it would make more sense to split them.

Then we have something like Kafka per topic pricing as a proxy for per use pricing which is even more annoying because now we get all kinds of shenanigans to reuse topics to avoid paying for having thousands of them and generated on the fly.