I've always thought that an introduction to CPUs (can take a simpler one as example) and how they work, how memory is (usually) organised, and to assembly would go a long way in helping understand many programming issues and C.
My experience is that C or programming concepts are often taught in a very abstract/mathematical way, which can be hard to grasp compared to a more practical approach.
If you take a concrete example where memory is effectively an array and indices are addresses (which holds true for most cases and, in any case is a good example) then understanding pointers becomes basically common sense and notations are simply conventions of the language you're using.