I would say that it allows one to write statefu, long lasting workflows or processes in a durable and persistent way using all the niceties of regular programming languages such as Go/Java, like control structures, abstraction, etc. In a similar way that generators in Python/JS allow one to write even complicated iterators much more easily than manually keeping track of state yourself, Temporal allows one to easily define long-lived stateful processes (on order of years even) with the simplicity of roughly:

    while(true) {
      Thread.sleep(1, MONTH);
      sendReminderEmail(user);
    }

...which would normally require one to manually keep track of state in queues and key-value stores and idempotent updates, but with temporal the developer can just focus on the simple business rules. The runtime of Temporal takes care of compiling that down into proper state-machine logic.