You can absolutely copyright the packaging of facts (see any textbook ever printed).

Google often has entire paragraphs ripped from the underlying page in their knowledge graph. Would it be copyright infringement if Google displayed paragraphs of text from copyrighted textbook? If so, is there a difference between doing that and doing the same with, say, "facts" from a blog post?

IANAL, but my understanding is that an individual fact can’t be copyrighted, but an organized collection absolutely can be.

The example I remember is that A baseball game score can’t be copyrighted, but if you run a website that lists all of the baseball games throughout history and you gathered that data and did work to organize it (other than to scrape it from another collection), you have a claim to a copyright.