You can look it up, larger blocks where allowed in the past, 1MB is a completely arbitrary size that was overkill at the time but hasn’t increased. Even 1$ transactions are quite expensive though they are often much higher.

The lighting network has it’s own separate set of issues. It’s Bitcoin backed but loses some of Bitcoins advantages: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2006.08513.pdf

> Online Only- I don’t think there is a solution to this criticism, but not sure what the issue is.

It’s simply a dependency. Shops may have issues accepting CC payments after a hurricane for example, but they can always take cash.