I believe I have read, though please correct me if I'm wrong, that there is a problem with current printing methods. The way that microchips are built is sort of like those projectors we used to have in class; you would dark out certain places and the rest of the areas light shines through. So those spots where the light shines get etched away, and you have your transistor layout.
Only now the light rays are so close together they get tangled up with quantum effects. So there is this scattering effect, and we can't make the transistors any smaller, because the light is out of focus. The blurry edges caused by quantum dynamics seems to be holding us back.