2. Innovation and entrepreneurship are not the same thing. Innovation is coming up with something new, entrepreneurship is starting a new business to make money. The former does not always lead to the latter, and the latter does not always require the former (in fact, it rarely does).

3. What the research in this study shows is that limitations of the financial and survival sort do not drive entrepreneurship.

This is definitely a multiple factor problem, and health care is just one of them. A couple obvious ones - social acceptance/rejection of this as a path, and government/financial friction. If you have only been exposed to the US, it's pretty shocking how hard it is to get a company up and running in many countries. One of the biggies is fairly direct access to capital with the right risk appetite, which itself is complex.

If this was true you'd see people from poor families being more entrepreneurial than those from rich.

Whether or not basic income itself would increase the degree of self-actualization people have is not an easy question. It is in fact a complicated question deeply integrated with culture. I'd guess peoples opinion on this question mostly reflects their political ideology and/or support for basic income.

However, I think it's orthogonal. Limitations are good, but having a basic fallback is also good.

Essentially, Swedes have far greater economic freedom due to greater economic equality. Despite not having UBI.

Germany is pretty close to the United States, despite the United States being a wealthier nation by comparison.

Also, where did you find these numbers indicating such a big difference?

Try firing an employee in France. It's a two year process minimum and in the end a judge might rule you can't do it.

Also the regulatory landscape in the EU imposes such a high burden on entrepreneurs. Coupled with investors being way more conservatives.