Hell, numpy 1.20.x is dropping support for anything below 3.7!
I started doing science python in 2015 on 3.5.x, never had to touch 2.x at all.
So yes, once you manage to put together a working installation, you naturally want to encase that precious thing in the bubble of some kind of container, to protect it from an upgrade of some piece that will break everything. If you work with a lot of Python things, you may have a dozen copies of the same libraries, and a handful of Python binaries, taking up space on your drive. The concept of dynamic linking was supposed to save us from this. But the haphazard habits endemic to the Python community seem to have left us with the worst of all possible worlds.
"Oh the PhD pinned to a nightly version of some dep and the AUC score plummets when you try to upgrade and customer wants this latest model in production on airgapped machines last week? Aight, stick their Conda env in a container, call it with `docker run`, and sort it out later"
Horrifying? Yes. Solving the problem on short notice? Also yes.
Plenty of more pedestrian uses but that was an actual situation where docker's reproducibility saved my bacon.