Not lack of optimization techniques; LLVM is relatively fast compared to Clang for builds of the Linux kernel. Is it all of the compiler diagnostics and semantic analysis, or just unoptimized code? WIP to find out.
(I literally just went over a perf record of a linux kernel build with a teammate that's going to look into this more; I organized the LLVM miniconf at plumbers which is the video linked in the phoronix article in the grand parent post; my summer intern did the initial profiling work).
ToT LLVM, linux-next x86_64 defconfig: https://photos.app.goo.gl/hNwwy2K1Gh7Uc2D67 (yes, I know about disabling kptr_restrict)
Our next big project is to look into lazy parsing.