Biological fields (cancer drugs, early stage drug research, etc) often don’t perform much better. In many other hard science fields, like say graphene production via CVP (as a friend worked in), researchers intentionally make their work almost impossible to replicate. The papers look fine but the authors quickly learn which parameters to exclude to make it almost impossible to reproduce. Otherwise they’d loose competitive advantage, and potential money from chip manufacturers, etc. Pretty much all people from toddlers to phd researchers are masters of game theory, be it conscious or not. Luckily there are also a decent number of scientists who try and counterbalance those urges, but I believe the current socioeconomics are pushing them out. Hopefully I’m wrong there.

Remember https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Why_Most_Published_Research_Fi...