Paul MacCready was the first to realize the key to the spec: it had to fly, but didn't have to look like a plane. He rapidly prototyped things that flew but didn't look like planes, and used substitutes for normal safety procedures (flying low and slow rather than building a strong cockpit). He learned from many failures rather than spending months building to learn once.
Lesson: make sure you understand what the spec is really asking for, and prototype quickly around that.
Quite apart from the point about the advantage of inexperience, the Gossamer planes are wonderful creations.
It required a man of extraordinary skills _and_ stubbornness to pull it all off. Only in retrospect, the solution seems (kinda) obvious.
http://www.amazon.com/More-Less-MacCready-Efficient-Flight/d...