That's a very interesting definition of a tech company and I think I have to agree with it, although I've always been very much "tech companies build tech".
The reality is the companies at the top right now all have EXCELLENT tech cultures, including one's you wouldn't have considered tech companies. An excellent tech culture is a form of operational excellence, which is how companies succeed. That's why all these companies are at the top and some big brand names in tech aren't necessarily at the top.
I know market cap is a very poor measure, but here:https://www.dogsofthedow.com/largest-companies-by-market-cap...
Who are the top companies? Each one of these not only understands their industry extremely well, but they generally speaking, having spectacular operational excellence.
IBM was a top company before. What happened? Why did it fall from grace? It's because they lost that motivation to maintain operational excellence. They just couldn't compete with the new companies who did pursue the better ways of doing things.
