Stickers are an inconvenience, especially when applied over a screw hole required for disassembly or similar, but it's not exactly cryptographically secure. What stops the attacker from buying the same sticker as you, or taking a good picture of it before destroying it and printing a new one off?
An example is using glitter-containing nail polish to cover the screws, taking a high resolution picture and then having an app that checks whether the glitter particles are still in the same position. There are companies selling solutions along these lines.
I guess at that point you're basically asking whether it's possible to make higher resolution printers than cameras, but considering you can in principle do printing using lithography similar to what they use to make semiconductors, that's probably going to win over the average phone camera. Although you're obviously then talking about a much more sophisticated attack.
It's not just a matter of printing, it's a matter of placement. If you can carry equipment of that calibre into a hotel room and do the swap then that'll defeat things, but it's not clear that that's realistic.
After that: at this point it's easier to pay a random person to follow you and steal your whole bag/backpack and wallet and make it look like the usual theft.
