Shortcuts all show the correct letter value. So for Ctrl+T, I'd press what is the K key on a QWERTY keyboard. For Cmd+T, I'd press what is the T key on a QWERTY keyboard.
This can get a little confusing, but most common shortcuts contain the Cmd modifier on a Mac, so it's only really Terminal/iTerm where things are different.
My keyboard is still physically a QWERTY keyboard which makes knowing where Cmd shortcuts are very easy, I can just look. I switched to Dvorak when I was 18, but learnt with a Dvorak keyboard so I didn't learn it well enough and when I got to uni and had to use shared lab machines I couldn't manage and had to switch back. Then just over 3 years ago I had 3 weeks off work so switched at the beginning with no physically different keyboards and learnt it all by position and I'm still using it today. Less hand pain, and I can touch type where before I was proficient but not entirely by touch.
