It feels like it would be a real shame to standardize something that gives up the power of the Clang/GCC heterogeneous checked operations. We added them in Clang precisely because the original homogeneous operations (__builtin_smull_overflow, etc) led to very substantial correctness bugs when users had to pick a single common type for the operation and add conversions. Standardizing homogeneous operations would be worse than not addressing the problem at all, IMO. There's a better solution, and it's already implemented in two compilers, so why wouldn't we use it?
The generic heterogeneous operations also avoid the identifier blowup. The only real argument against them that I see is that they are not easily implementable in C itself, but that's nothing new for the standard library (and should be a non-goal, in my not-a-committee-member opinion).
Obviously, I'm not privy to the committee discussions around this, so there may be good reasons for the choice, but it worries me a lot to see that document.