Because we have models that have been tested, and we have evidence from hundred of countries for around 100 years.
Your question seems to imply that around every corner there are likely dragons. There are not. Mankind has extensive experience with central banking at this point, including this case and beyond.
There have effectively been zero reserve requirements for a long time. Go read on the difference between endogenous and exogenous money creation, and the resulting literature. Your understanding is far outdated, as the world has moved effectively to endogenous money over the past 40 years, as can be seen in the literature on the topic.