California 911 - the fact that your phone is from NY is not only ignored but never referenced in the process - this isn't a great analogy but you could think of your cellphone as having a built-in walkie-talkie that it uses for emergency calls. All the mechanisms for making a normal phone call are discarded when you dial an emergency number. So, nowhere on the state diagram of making an emergency phone call, is the box that says "Tell the user to dial 1 before a long distance number" - they are two separate systems.
Routing code + emergency number does work in some countries as a normally billed emergency call. Some countries silently redirect emergency call into billing infrastructure too.
