That's what we don't have in the US. You can certain make the case that we should, but that's a separate argument. Now we have a situation where we have a flat out price control, and it's going to have unintended consequences written all over it.
All these arguments for "look at Europe" doesn't fly in health economics. There are not subtle differences in the US legally, infrastructurally, and culturally.
Edit: another thought comes to mind - has anyone compared the size of health insurers in the US and compared their purchasing power to government run single payers? I’d hazard a guess that United Health for example probably dwarfs entire single payers of some governments.
Medicare alone covers more patients than NHS England does. (Very few countries in Europe actually have single-payer healthcare; the four UK countries are the exception, not the rule).
You get a Medicare provider, with an insurance company that you work with.
Yeah there's lots of layers of bureaucracy.
I'd totally believe it. It occurs across all markets, with all actors. Market prices isn't simply supply and demand. It's many things like black markets.
Another example is public bonds in the US. Why are their yields under what it should be from the interest rates? It's because the earnings are tax free. The market has already adjusted for that.
Not to mention: European countries wouldn't be able to negotiate those prices if the US market didn't exist. Pharmaceutical companies - many of whom are based in Europe - know that they'll make most of their revenue from the US, which is not only the single largest market by number of patients[0], but also a disproportionately lucrative market, because the expected per-patient revenue is also higher.
If the Netherlands (a country whose population is lower than the state of New York alone) decides to "negotiate" a few extra Euro off the price of a particular drug, AstraZeneca doesn't care, because they know they'll more than make it up in the US market.
If the US passed a "most favored nation" law with respect to drug pricing, or allowed pharmaceutical imports from Europe/Canada (as has been proposed in the past), we'd see drug prices in the US drop dramatically, but drug prices in Europe would also increase.
[0] China and India are in a totally different category, because of their respective patent laws (whereas the US and Europe have harmonized patent treatment)
Further, in general, the drug release schedules are US -> Europe -> Asia. This is primarily for two reasons - the FDA approval process is the most rigorous in the world. It would not be outrageous to classify European drug approval process as "rubberstamping" if the drug has already received FDA approval. Essentially, the US pays the R&D of the drug costs for the rest of the world.
The second reason is that without price controls, the US price is the closest thing to a market price for that drug. Sorry, but ultimately the prices of the drug comes down to how much a life is, or more accurately, how it affects the quality of life. When price negotiations between pharma and European governments start, both sides use that data. It would be very interesting if the US went single payer to see how it would affect the European drug prices (my guess it goes up).
Side note: Asia has always been third due to underdeveloped markets and legal systems. Further Japan has in the past (I think they just got rid of it in the last 5 years) a law where drugs need to be tested on Japanese citizens before approval.
