> I'd love to hear more about the difference between a 'cajas' and a bank
I think that Credit Union would made a good definition of a caja de ahorros [1], More or less equivalent. We could say that some spanish credit unions poorly managed by politicians were rescued with the money from all spaniard's taxes, but not the banks (and not all credit unions).
[1] 'a Cajas' does not exist. The singular is 'Caja'