Also because big corps pay insane amount of money and most companies can't follow, especially in berlin, which is neither a tech nor a financial hub.
There isn't a single cause to that but these companies are definitely part of it. If no one could rent these flats they wouldn't be that pricey... There is a lot of affordable housing too, I'm in the process of looking for a flat and a good 30% of them requires a Wohnberechtigungsschein