As a reference, I maximize my browsers when I'm using developers tools or when I'm using pseudo desktop web apps, usually customer mandated. I'm thinking about Kanbanize, Trello, almost all of Google, Travis, etc. Apps that display a lot of information.

HN and other text based sites are more readable in narrower windows or on a phone.

HN on a phone suffers when comments are deeply nested (this one) and when somebody quotes text using spaces as of it was a block of code.

Nope, problem is each window may need a different sizing. With a tabbed interface you resize the lot.

Just tried out Tree style tabs, how does this prevent this issue? I have two pages in two tabs open. To read one I resize the window, I go to the other it has been resized also.