I mean, you just described mobile numbers. If someone calls my cell phone, the phone system has to figure out what tower I'm connected to and therefore how to reach me. That's roughly equivalent to figuring out what IP address the domain should resolve to right now.
In any case, I don't really understand what point you're trying to make. For the phone system we assume the phone company will route our call correctly. Sometimes they don't! Over the years I've seen a number of anecdotes where someone called a number and was connected to the completely wrong person, and when they tried a second time it worked. At least the DNS system allows critical sites like banks to use features like certificate pinning if they're afraid of hackers intercepting their domain and having a DV cert issued by a trusted root.
