I don't know how the image captchas work but the old-fashioned type-the-words captchas asked you one it knew the answer to and one it didn't. By giving unknown words to multiple users and finding a consensus they could move words from the unknown to known set.
If they do it the way that the OCR recaptcha works, it allows some new ones to go through and uses consensus to classify them.
So most of them will have already been classified and those are used to test your integrity (and verify you) but an occasional new one will be presented that won't count towards your verification and if enough people agree on it it'll be classified.