The term means you take your initial workers and charge the enemy. If you know where the enemy is you'll arrive about the time they are up one or two workers on you, then you just have to fight when you're down one or two workers and you can't back off (they'll return to mine).

A human can win like this if they are so much better at micro that they can overcome the material disadvantage (unlikely) or if their opponent panicks and does something dumb (e.g. pulling only half their workers to fight).

Because worker rushes arrive so early it doesn't matter what plan you have for the match, you'll have at least as many workers (if you are also worker rushing) or you'll have more. Maybe if you're going six pool you'll have fewer but you'll also be able to get lings and win with them.

The computer can lose to worker rushing only because it can get caught in loops of poor decisions (e.g. you lure away a couple workers and kill them).

Worker rushing is always a bad plan.

Things like early pools and cannon rushes are (depending on the details of the meta at the time) a rock papers scissors game. Cheese (early pool/cannon rush) beats aggressive play beats conservative play beats cheese (roughly speaking).

Worker rushes are just bad. Apart from playing against 6 pools on really old versions of SC2 on maps with ridiculously short rush distances they just lose. Even then I don't think I'd call them good.

That might solve its task, but it’s a far cry from learning to play Starcraft well. I was surprised they seemed to have trained it against the standard Ai as that’s not useful.