On the contrary, CRA's docs specifically recommend it for production use:
> No Configuration Required: You don't need to configure anything. A reasonably good configuration of both development and production builds is handled for you so you can focus on writing code.
Nowhere in the docs do I see phrases like "don't use this in production".
As for the math analogy: I'd say the difference is that many calc concepts do require understanding of algebra to grasp and use, whereas the only thing about React that _sorta_ implies knowledge of Babel is the JSX transform, which isn't a hard requirement to use React but is certainly the common preferred approach.
Again, I'm not at all saying that people _shouldn't_ learn how to set up build tool configs. I agree that's valuable knowledge to have. I'm just saying it shouldn't be a hard blocker for using React, and that React tutorials shouldn't have to spend half their time teaching unrelated build tools instead of React itself.