The thing is, you say "on the whole" but I am sure you mean one or two parameters. I am not from US and I abhore the monstrosity that is the US healthcare system, but no one here can deny that US does have the absolute best healthcare in the world - as long as you can afford it. No wonder people from all over the world come over to US for difficult operations, because they usually get access to the best techniques, best doctors and best equipment. The only issue with all of this is that it costs a tonne of money and it's ruining the American society.

I don't think it's difficult to see that other sectors are the same - there are things that NASA excels at, and there are things which almost any space-oriented startup can do better. But it always depends on what sort of thing is a priority for you.

Again, take a look at the SEMATECH example discussed above. I understand it to be considered a successful undertaking on the whole. For a present-day example along similar lines, see DARPA's Electronics Resurgence Initiative ("ERI").