If you define "rule-breaker" as "generates invalid blocks", then the only punishment rule-breakers receive is that... their block is invalid, they're ignored, and they get to try again next time.
I don't see any sophisticated collaboration model in play here.
> Even if the Fed required only trusted nodes... Lots of other problems -- everything from medical records to real-estate -- become a lot more tractable.
Why aren't they solved by a database and a public API? What does the blockchain add?