Does a 10 minute delay require something like a 10 or 20 minute target time to keep consensus or is it more like 2 hours or even a day? How does is this effected by the ratio of hash-rates over the planets? What happens when you have clusters (say earth - moon and mars - phobos)?
In any case, if the target times need to increase by too much, things become infeasible. And I'd guess that at any given target time, there is distance from earth where computations no longer contribute to the hash-rate on earth. Thus, the claim that 'the hash-rate is universal' would be false.