> For the purposes of this Directive, it is necessary to define the concept of press publication in a way that embraces only journalistic publications, published by a service provider, periodically or regularly updated in any media, for the purpose of informing or entertaining. Such publications would include, for instance, daily newspapers, weekly or monthly magazines of general or special interest and news websites. Periodical publications which are published for scientific or academic purposes, such as scientific journals, should not be covered by the protection granted to press publications under this Directive. This protection does not extend to acts of hyperlinking which do not constitute communication to the public according to the judgements of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), notably hyperlinking to content which is available in the internet to the public with the consent of the rightholder, and hyperlinking to content which is available on another website without the consent of the rightholder for non commercial purposes by a person who did not know or could not reasonably have known the illegal nature of the publication of those works on that other website (CJEU Judgement of September 8, 2016 in Case C-160/15).