I think the difficulty in thinking about Facebook is that it sits in this strange middle ground, between targeted advertising (as it has traditionally been thought of) and direct selling of data.
If you think about it on a spectrum, where traditional advertising lets you do some crude targeting (If I advertise on American's Next Top Model, I'll get a different audience than if I advertise in the Wall Street Journal) that lets audiences opting in and out based on individual choice (I don't have to watch America's Next Top Model, even if I have all the characteristics of an ideal viewer). No data is sold here.
At the other end are people who sell leads - usually for B2B customers (here's the names and contact info for 500 IT Directors). Data is explicitly being sold here.
Facebook sits somewhere in the middle which is why we don't quite know how to talk about it. We can target things like traditional advertising, but we are now also able to get explicit information on our targets, in a way that hasn't really been done before.