This is a much simpler proposition than Vue. If you want a cleaner, more modern take on the "sprinkle jQuery on HTML for some dynamic behavior" style approach, Stimulus is a fantastic option. However, if you want the DOM to simply be a "render destination" and prefer to use Javascript to handle data, state, and behavior entirely (using a component-based architecture and JSON data from APIs), then Vue (or React, etc.) is still the way to go.
My belief is the vast majority of web apps that are Basecamp-like (essentially tools that let you edit stuff and post stuff in document-type contexts) will greatly benefit from the simple, straightforward approach that Stimulus provides. I'm already using it on a new Rails 5.1 project, and I'm absolutely loving it. (And this is coming from someone who's quite a fan of Vue and have used it on projects as well.)