I dont know about the former, but the later two are long term diseases that can be caught when visiting the doctor for other reasons. also, compliance to the drugs and lifestyle is very low.
diabetes usually shows itself, hypertension is a silent killer though.
i'm not arguing against check ups, but I could imagine why they are not as effective as you might think.
i myself do not get checkups, i have insurance, but going to the doctors is a miserable experience.
First is trying to schedule a visit. Usually the earliest they can see me is 3-6 weeks away. when I have free time to see a doctor, thats when I need to do it. I dont know whats going to happen in my schedule a month from now?!
next, if I actually get the appointment, I am punctual and show up 15 - 30 minutes before the appointment. However, I dont get seen for 30-45 minutes after the scheduled appointment. This isn't just one time, this is E[X]. thats 45 minutes waiting with people who are coughing , sneezing, etc. after I see a nurse for 2 minutes and get sent to a room, usually thats another 5-10 minutes waiting in an empty room.
when I finally see a doctor, I am only allowed to talk about one thing. if its multiple things, I have to schedule another appointment. usually the doctor cant help with any of my ailments, I need to schedule an appointment with a specialist. usually another facility. unfortunately, I am not allowed to schedule an appointment with a specialist directly, I have to see my primary care first.