I don't think a citation is necessary. Just the roads in this country represent enormous wealth, and they're all owned by the government. Throw in the national parks, the national forests, all the government owned land (the government owns most of Alaska). Next, all the military bases and hardware, airplanes, ships, support structure. The infrastructure, NASA, buildings, waterways, riparian rights, and, let's not forget, all the money the government collects and spends every year.
Here's even more: http://business.time.com/2013/02/05/the-federal-governments-...
As for how banks work, pretty much any book on how the banking business works will tell you that. Or you could watch that old movie "It's a Wonderful Life" where they give an accurate description at the end how banks work. And frankly, it's just common sense. Why would banks offer free checking? They're not charities. They need the money so they can turn around and loan it out. It's fundamentally how banking works.
I've never heard of a Scrooge McDuck cash vault outside of a comic book. Have you? (There is Fort Knox, but that's the feds, and it's not cash.)
https://money.howstuffworks.com/personal-finance/banking/ban...