We already have a progressive tax, but let's add an individual mandate, tax credits that phase out at 400% FPL, and cost sharing subsidies which phase out after 250% of FPL.
The maximum value of the tax credits for your family would be nearly the full cost of the premiums at 133% FPL, let's say $12,000. Then on top of that the cost sharing reductions would reduce your out-of-pocket maximum -- which if you're truly unlucky could run your family another $14,300 -- to a maximum of $4,500, so that's worth potentially another $10k.
What this means is ACA is a $12,000 - $22,000 tax on your family depending on your health care utilization, as income rises from 133% - 400% FPL.
For a family of 4 the 133% FPL = $32,250 and 400% = $97,000. So as you make that extra $64,750, in addition to all the other taxes you are paying, you are also phasing in $12,000 - $22,000 of increased payments for the same exact health care. Now that is one hell of a tax.
So while you and your spouse are working your asses off to earn $150k, you can look back and appreciate how $10k went to the town, $10k to the state, $30k to the Fed and ~$15k to the SSA. So it's really just the cherry you're being charged an extra $15k for insurance, come on, you can afford it!
I won't mention all the other subsidies you lose out on for being a productive member of society. Because when you realize the real tax rate approaches 100% on the first $97,000 it's a bit of a buzz kill.