You're right. Cultural misunderstandings are a thing. That's why I like to have conversations. Context means a lot. "Fuck off" is often offensive, but not always, depending on tone and context where I live.
Of course someone can say something to hurt me. But only if I know they want to hurt me. It's that knowledge which hurts, which can be conveyed by words, or other means. If someone says something offensive, but maybe the context is ambiguous or something, I like to give people the benefit of the doubt and assume maybe it was misspoken.
I find life is nicer when you assume the best, not the worst.