However, you can either
1) Exclude the first ~$100k from your US taxes altogether, or
2) Receive a credit for taxes paid to the other jurisdiction.
Most places, particularly those where you'd earn a high salary, have higher tax rates (particularly if taxes cover what would be health insurance in the US), so the credit often completely cancels your US taxes.
In many places with lower taxes, it's fairly difficult to earn $100K to begin with, so you're covered there too.
The two situations which are tricky are
1) Earning a lot in a low-tax location (maybe oil workers?)
2) Having income from a mix of US and non-US sources (renting out your American apartment?) since your US income gets "bumped up" to the tax bracket associated with your worldwide income.