Oh yes! At least Kobo readers are Linux and you can SSH in. You could even install another distro I believe. Some ugly hack could be rendering the display content on your machine and just sent the image over.
https://github.com/koreader/koreader uses Lua so maybe one could add some bidirectional or at least PC->Reader flow of data.
edit: VNC! https://www.joachim-breitner.de/blog/660-Using_my_Kobo_eBook...