> How is such a judgement made, though?
That's exactly what the parent was saying, investors can only draw that conclusion based on pedigree and experience. "Oh they ran the software at the warehouses in Amazon, they must be experts in that, here's $5M for your warehouse management software". Unfortunately this often gets conflated with pattern matching that doesn't always correlate with a person's pedigree and their ability to "organize labor, manage money, define the product, find customers, ect.". In other words, you're both saying the same thing.
Investors telling the public that they can appropriately assess startup teams in a 1-hour pitch is a glittering lure to increase deal flow, not something that makes one investor necessarily smarter than an other.